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Each of the following, if true, supports the claim above EXCEPT:

  1. If the claim is based on peer-reviewed research

  2. If statistical analyses confirm the claim

  3. If personal opinions back the claim

  4. If expert opinions align with the claim

The correct answer is: If personal opinions back the claim

Personal opinions backing the claim do not necessarily provide a strong basis for supporting the claim in question. Personal opinions are subjective and can vary greatly from person to person, making them unreliable as evidence to support a claim. On the other hand, options A, B, and D provide more reliable and concrete support for a claim: peer-reviewed research ensures the claim has been validated by experts in the field, statistical analyses add credibility to the claim, and expert opinions aligning with the claim lend authority and expertise to its validity.